ABSTRACT
Background: Respiratory distress is most common symptom complexes seen in newborn infants lead to high mortality. The objectives were to study various etiological factors, maternal and neonatal risk factors for development of respiratory distress along with need for CPAP, mechanical ventilation and surfactant to assess the immediate clinical outcome in newborns.Methods: The study was conducted at Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Karad in period of January to August 2018. A total of 100 neonates who were admitted in NICU within 72 hours of life were studied by clinical examination and relevant investigations. The severity of distress was assessed by Silverman-Anderson scoring, Downe's scoring and APGAR scoring respectively for neonates.Results: It was observed that max, 90% of the distress cases were of respiratory in origin and high severity of distress was observed among 27% newborns. The proportion of respiratory distress was higher, 51% in males and low APGAR score was reported in 14% cases. Among respiratory etiology of respiratory distress, high proportion was of TTNB 35.55%. The maternal and new born factors like maternal age >30 years (32%), gestational age 28-30 weeks (87.5%), gravid 2 and 3 mothers (35%), female gender (32.6%), low birth weight (70%) developed severe distress respectively. The recovery rate of respiratory distress due to respiratory etiology was of 88.8%.Conclusions: Transient tachypnoea of new-born is the most common cause among new-borns with respiratory distress. New-borns with low gestational age, low birth weight baby, low APGAR score is more prone to develop severe respiratory distress.
ABSTRACT
Background: Breast milk is first, natural and nutritious food for newborn that promote sensory and cognitive development as well as protect against infectious and chronic diseases. The aim and objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and to point out determinants of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding among rural primi-para mothers.Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional study conducted at rural tertiary health centre located Western Maharashtra, India in the month of November-December 2017. A total of 140 breastfeeding primi-para mothers were enrolled and interviewed by utilizing pretested questionnaire include socio-demographic data, obstetric and breastfeeding history after written consent. Data were analyzed for inferential statistics using SPSS Version 21.Results: Among 140 eligible mothers, max. 84.2% were in age group 18-24 years with high proportions, 72.8% housewives, 90% literate and 75.7% with joint family structure. Max. 92.1% mothers were institutionally delivered. The overall prevalence of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding was 22.85% with gradual and sudden cessation was 20% and 2.85% respectively. Maternal determinants like insufficient breast milk secretion (37.5%), maternal sickness (12.5%) were highly contributed for cessation of breastfeeding whereas, infant illness, 12.5% respectively. The nuclear family structure, caesarean delivery and low birth weight baby were significantly associated with cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. The risk of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding is of 4.5 and 2.5 times higher with maternal nuclear family structure and infant with low birth weight.Conclusions: Prevalence of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding was low among primi-para mothers residing in rural area of western Maharashtra, India. The nuclear family structure, low birth weight baby have had significant effect on cessation of exclusive breastfeeding.